1. A resolution that conditions should be improved has been ratified. 改善环境的决议业已正式批准。
2. Gorbachev, of course, is under no such pressure since members of the Politburo in one-party Russia compete only for the privilege of being the loudest ratifier of Gorbachev policies. 由于在实行一党制的苏俄的政治局中的委员们之间的争论仅仅是为在批准戈氏政策的过程中谁有权发的声音最大,戈尔巴乔夫当然就没有如此压力。