1. Companies pay substantial insurance fees (and derivative contracts are in the trillions) to stay in their line of business and not get into exchange-rate trouble. 为了保持业务发展，避免陷入汇率旋涡，各公司要支付大笔保险费（还有价值数万亿美元的衍生合同）。
2. The paper probes into the relation between functional differentiability and the derivative function limit, and the relation between asymptote of function and the derivative function limit. 探讨函数的可导性、函数的渐近线与导函数的极限之间的关系。
3. In this paper we study the derivative of a set. function in respect to a given Borel measure and the Lebesgue-Stieltjes integral of the resulting derivative. 正>本文研究集函数关于一个测度的导函数，以及这个导函数的积分。
4. The influence of each aerodynamic derivative on critical flutter state using aerodynamic derivative of idealized zero-height plate was also studied. 采用理想平板的气动导数研究了各气动导数对颤振临界状态的影响。
5. The governing equation is derived from the viscoelastic constitution relation used material derivative, not simple the partial time derivative. 在控制方程的推导中，对黏弹性本构关系采用物质导数，而不是通常采用的只对时间取偏导数的本构关系。
网络释义
substantial derivative 物质导数;
实质导数;
substantial appreciation 实质性欣赏;
beefy burly massive sinewy solid stark stout substantial well-knit 结实的;
A substantial number of 多种;
beefy burly massive sinewy solid stark stout substantial well-knit 结实的;
